ABSTRACT
Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible deformations in the surface of dental implants submitted to pullout and insertion test in polyurethane synthetic bone, using scanning electron microscopy. Material and Methods: Four different types of implants were used: Master Screw, Master Porous, Master Conect AR and Master Conect Conical (n = 8). These implants were into the femoral head synthetic bone (Synbone) and removed through the pullout test, performed with a universal testing machine (EMIC MEM 2000). All the screws, before and after the mechanical tests, were micro structurally analyzed in a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM - Zeiss EVO50), utilizing a magnification of 35 times. The results were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey tests (α =0.05). Results: Only the Master Conect Conical and Master Porous implants presented statistically significant difference to pullout and maximum deformation (P = 0.014 and P = 0.009, respectively). The SEM images did not show morphological changes of the implants when compared before and after the mechanical tests. Conclusion: We concluded that Master Porous presented higher pullout resistance, suggesting a greater primary stability.
Subject(s)
Dental Implants , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Osseointegration/physiology , Surface Properties , Torque , TractionABSTRACT
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of surface changes in composite resins, when subjected to surface treatment by polishing and artificial accelerated aging. Methods: The changes were quantified through rugosimetric analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Five composite resins were used (Charisma, Herculite, TPH, Z-250 and Supreme) and for each one, 32 samples were made, which were subdivided into four groups according to the surface treatment received: polished and aged, polished not aged, unpolished and aged and unpolished but not aged (control). The samples were obtained through a Teflon matrix with a diameter of 9 mm and height of 2 mm. For the polishing, the Sof-Lex Pop-On system (3M) was used and to execute the artificial accelerated aging, the Artificial Aging Machine (Comexim) was used, in which a 192 hours cycle was established, corresponding to an aging of five years. The Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses were performed under magnifications of 250x, 500x, 1000x and 2000x. All 120 samples were subjected to rugosimetric analysis through three parallel readings of each sample surface.ResultsThe Kruskal Wallis statistical test showed statistically significant differences (p <0.05) only between the type TPH composite resins, polished and either with or without aging, for the average surface roughness.ConclusionThe results showed that, for surface roughness, only the polished TPH resin showed significant differences when comparing aged and non- aged specimens. In addition, all the composite resins showed lower measurements of surface roughness when subjected to polishing treatment and higher when subjected to Artificial Aging.
Objetivo: Avaliar a ocorrência de alterações superficiais em resinas compostas quando submetidas a tratamento superficial de polimento e envelhecimento artificial acelerado. Métodos: As alterações foram quantificadas através de análise rugosimétrica e microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Foram utilizadas cinco resinas compostas (Charisma, Herculite, TPH, Z-250 e Supreme), e para cada uma delas confeccionados 32 corpos de prova que foram subdivididos em quatro grupos de oito de acordo com o tratamento superficial que receberam, sendo: polidos envelhecidos, polidos não envelhecidos, não polidos envelhecidos e não polidos não envelhecidos (controle). Os corpos de prova tinham dimensões de 9mm de diâmetro por 2mm de altura e foram obtidos através de uma matriz de teflon. Para o polimento empregou-se o sistema Sof-Lex Pop-On (3M) e para a realização do envelhecimento artificial utilizou-se a Máquina de Envelhecimento Artificial C-UV da Comexim na qual foi fixado um ciclo de 192 horas, que corresponde a cinco anos de envelhecimento. As análises ao Microscópio Eletrônico de Varredura foram realizadas com magnificações de 250x, 500x, 1,000x e 2.000x. Os 120 corpos de prova foram submetidos à análise rugosimétria através de três leituras paralelas na superfície de cada amostra. Resultados: O teste estatístico de Kruskal Wallis mostrou diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p<0,05) somente entre as resinas compostas do tipo TPH polidas com ou sem envelhecimento para a rugosidade superficial média. Conclusão: Os resultados permitiram concluir que na rugosidade superficial somente a resina TPH com polimento, mostrou diferenças significantes quando comparada envelhecida e não envelhecida e que todas as resinas compostas apresentaram medidas menores de rugosidade superficial, quando submetidas a polimento e maiores quando submetidas a Envelhecimento Artificial.
Subject(s)
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Dental Polishing , Composite ResinsABSTRACT
Surface treatment interferes with the primary stability of dental implants because it promotes a chemical and micromorphological change on the surface and thus stimulates osseointegration. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different surface treatments on primary stability by analyzing insertion torque (IT) and pullout force (PF). Eight samples of implants with different surface treatments (TS - external hexagon with acid surface treatment; and MS - external hexagon, machined surface), all 3.75 mm in diameter X 11.5 mm in length, were inserted into segments of artificial bones. The IT of each sample was measured by an electronic torquemeter, and then the pullout test was done with a universal testing machine. The results were subjected to ANOVA (p < 0.05), followed by Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The IT results showed no statistically significant difference, since the sizes of the implants used were very similar, and the bone used was not highly resistant. The PF values (N) were, respectively, TS = 403.75 ± 189.80 and MS = 276.38 ± 110.05. The implants were shown to be different in terms of the variables of maximum force (F = 4.401, p = 0.0120), elasticity in maximum flexion (F = 3.672, p = 0.024), and relative stiffness (F = 4.60, p = 0.01). In this study, external hexagonal implants with acid surface treatment showed the highest values of pullout strength and better stability, which provide greater indication for their use.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Implants , Dental Implantation, Endosseous/methods , Analysis of Variance , Biomechanical Phenomena , Dental Prosthesis Design , Materials Testing , Surface Properties , Tensile Strength , TorqueABSTRACT
Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do formato e tratamento de superfície de diferentes implantesdentários, na estabilidade primária, através de ensaio de arrancamento, quandoinseridos em poliuretana. Material e Métodos - Trinta e dois implantes de quatro diferentestipos - cilíndricos hexágono externo sem tratamento de superfície, cilíndricos hexágonoexterno com duplo tratamento de superfície, cilíndrico hexágono interno com tratamentode superfície, e cônico hexágono externo sem tratamento de superfície; foram inseridos emsegmentos de ossos artificiais. Foi realizado o ensaio de arrancamento utilizando a célulade carga de 200 kgf na velocidade de 2mm/min. Resultados - Os implantes cilíndricose de maior diâmetro apresentaram valores de resistência ao arrancamento superiores aoscônicos que possuíam menor diâmetro, sendo que os implantes com superfície tratadaapresentaram valores superiores ao dos implantes com superfície usinada. Conclusão -Concluiu-se que o formato, o tamanho, e a superfície do implante dentário influenciam naresistência ao arrancamento, o que sugere interferência na estabilidade primária.
Objective: To evaluate the influence of format and surface treatment of different dentalimplants, in the primary stability, through pullout test, when inserted into polyurethane.Methods - Thirty-two implants of four different types - cylindrical, external hexagon,without surface treatment; cylindrical, external hexagon, with double surface treatment;cylindrical, internal hexagon, with surface treatment; tapered, external hexagon,without surface treatment - had been inserted in segments of artificial bones. Thepull-out test was performed using the load cell of 200 kgf at a speed of 2mm/min.Results - The cylindrical implants and of bigger diameter had values of pullout resistancegreaters to that with conical and had lower diameter, and treated surface implants had presentedgreaters values to the one of the implants without treated surface. Conclusion - Weconclude that the format, size and surface of dental implant affect the pullout resistance,what suggests interference in the primary stability.
Subject(s)
Biocompatible Materials , Dental Implants , Osseointegration , Tensile StrengthABSTRACT
Apesar do grande desenvolvimento da implantodontia, seu sucesso depende de um planejamento rigoroso e em casos com limitação de espaço mesiodistal a seleção do formato do implante é muito importante. Objetivo e relato do caso clínico: Este artigo relata o caso clínico de um paciente com agenesia bilateral dos incisivos laterais superiores e ausência de espaço satisfatório no sentido mesiodistal, impedindo a utilização de implantes em proporções convencionais, apesar de ter realizado um tratamento ortodôntico prévio. Após a realização de exames radiográficos e estudo de modelos articulados em articulador semiajustável, optou-se pela realização de dois implantes de corpo único com carga imediata, da marca SIN®-Unident, de diâmetro reduzido para a solução do caso. Considerações finais: O correto planejamento, diagnóstico e execução da técnica apresentou resultado satisfatório imediato e a longo prazo.